Umbrella Company Guides for UK Contractors 2025 | ContractorUK

Umbrella Company Guides for UK Contractors 2025

Everything you need to know about working through an umbrella company

8 Key Topics
105+ Guides & Articles

What is an umbrella company?

An umbrella company is a company that contractors can choose to work through as an alternative to setting up their own limited company business. The umbrella company acts as their employer, and as the intermediary between the contractor and their recruitment agency or end client. They handle all the administration and payroll, so it means you don't have to deal with any of the administrative tasks or responsibilities that come with running a limited company like accounting and taxes. The umbrella company will invoice your agency or end client, get paid for the work that you do, and pay you through PAYE, deducting costs like national insurance contributions and tax.

Why work through an umbrella company?

Contractors may choose to work through an umbrella company for a number of reasons. They are beneficial for when you are first starting out as a contractor, as it is more straightforward than setting up and running a limited company, which can be a little confusing when you first set out. Similarly if you are only planning to contract for a short amount of time. An umbrella company is the simpler option; you don't want to go through the process of setting a limited company only to have to dissolve it in the future. You might also choose to work through an umbrella company if you are working on a contract which is inside IR35, as the tax benefits of working through a limited company in this scenario can be reduced and the administration increased. You may even find that in some cases your recruitment agency or end client specify that they will only work with you through an umbrella company now due to IR35 reform.

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Basics

What is an umbrella company?

A contracting career does not necessarily mean flying entirely solo. For many, an umbrella company represents the ideal balance between the independence of the contractor and the convenience of the employee.

Basics

How do umbrella companies work?

Understand what an umbrella company is and the process of working one.

Basics

Should I use an umbrella company?

Find out what an umbrella company can offer and whether it's for you or not.

Basics

What are the benefits of using an Umbrella company?

Knowing the pros and cons of operating under an umbrella company can help you to make an informed decision as to the best business model for your contracting career.

Basics

Umbrella companies: what their detractors don't want you to know

Myths about umbrellas are still being peddled, by their critics and impersonators.

Basics

The pros and cons of using an umbrella company for contractors

An overview of the benefits of brollies, and the many (many) aspects to beware.

Basics

Umbrella or PAYE: what is the difference?

How Pay As You Earn through an umbrella company differs from through a recruitment agency.

Basics

What comes first when using an umbrella company, then second, third, fourth and so on

A 10-step umbrella company functionality manual, in order of doing, for users.

Basics

How to get more out of your contractor umbrella company

Amid more contractors regarding 'Ltd' as limited, here's nine ways to ensure umbrella contracting works for you.

Basics

Why do recruitment agencies use umbrella companies?

Admin, insurance, records and even peace of mind. Just some of the reasons staffing firms tie-up with brollies.

Basics

How to set up a UK umbrella company

The top 10 considerations when setting up an umbrella company for contractors.

Basics

Umbrella companies in 2023: what's in store for contractor payroll firms

The FCSA, Professional Passport, Parasol, SAW Consulting and Clarity Umbrella do some crystal ball gazing for ContractorUK readers.

Compliance & Safety

How contractors can spot and avoid a non-compliant umbrella company

Four big clues on when providers shouldn't be touched with a bargepole.

Compliance & Safety

Umbrella companies – what good should look like

Five traits of a best-practice brolly, so you can tell if your umbrella is worth holding on to (or not).

Compliance & Safety

What is salary skimming and how does it hit umbrella company contractors?

A rundown on the inappropriate practice at the centre of allegations against one of the sector's well-known umbrellas.

Compliance & Safety

Gross Payment Model, the clear and present risk for contractors' agencies and end-clients

A bypass to inside IR35/OPW payment processes has emerged – with potentially lethal HMRC consequences for agencies and end-clients.

Compliance & Safety

Cowboy or compliant? How to spot a straight-shooter umbrella company

With IR35 reform on the horizon, the good, the bad and the ugly brollies are out in force.

Compliance & Safety

How to guard against salary skimming when using an umbrella company

What payslips need to look like, contain and not include, to help ensure you're getting every penny that you're due.

Compliance & Safety

Top 10 signs of umbrella company compliance

What contractors can look for to work out if a brolly is worth it or worrying.

Compliance & Safety

Contractors, this is NOT a dodgy umbrella company

Payments, pensions and deductions not being to your liking doesn't (always) mean they're unlawful.

Compliance & Safety

Revealed: the dodgy activities of umbrella companies which warrant regulation

'Beware of brollies bearing gifts' -- and other tips for agencies and contractors hoping to shut down the underhand umbrellas.

Compliance & Safety

Top 5 umbrella company 'due diligence' steps for contractor recruitment agencies to take

With an HMRC 'due diligence' requirement on recruiters all but incoming, these five umbrella vetting steps are both timely and seminal.

Compliance & Safety

What is real-time forensic auditing of umbrella companies?

An explainer on the new technology designed for workers and agencies to ensure their umbrella company is compliant and safe.

Compliance & Safety

5 questions contractor recruiters should ask umbrella companies

What queries your agent should be posing to feel out if a brolly is bonafide.

Pay & Payslips

Understanding umbrella company pay: A guide for contractors

Knowing your payslip's ins and outs is paramount -- to ensure both proper pay and no impropriety.

Pay & Payslips

Umbrella company payslips: here's what every contractor must see

Rate, deductions, conversation, and IR35. And possibly explorable in that order -- if you want to avoid nasty surprises as an umbrella employee.

Pay & Payslips

How umbrella company contractors can understand their payslip

Overview of the staple document when being paid through an umbrella company.

Pay & Payslips

What details SHOULD a contractor payslip include to be compliant?

A seven-point checklist to refer to -- for umbrella contractors with doubts about their payday document.

Pay & Payslips

Umbrella payslip: how should contractors check it is correct?

Reviewing your payslip and pay report is a must when you work through an umbrella company.

Pay & Payslips

What are 'employment costs' when contractors use an umbrella company?

A refresher on one of the key terms on your payslip -- still being bandied about the umbrella market.

Pay & Payslips

Why umbrella contractors switching from a limited company rate need a 23 per cent uplift

Get past the irritation of numerous variables, and PSC-to-brolly-rate considerations are worth a look; maybe even a conversation.

Pay & Payslips

Unpaid by an umbrella company? Here's what contractors should know

What to do if your umbrella company hasn't paid you on time.

Choosing

How to choose an Umbrella company?

What should contractors be looking for from an umbrella company?

Choosing

Compare umbrella companies – a contractor's guide

How comparing umbrella companies can fetch you the best deal, and what to look out for.

Choosing

Top 10 tips for choosing an umbrella company

What contractors should ask to work out which PAYE brolly is best for them.

Choosing

10 questions to ask when choosing an umbrella company

Make the umbrella company selection process less daunting by posing these ten queries.

Choosing

What are the costs and fees of an umbrella company?

Typical pricing structures, average fees, extra costs and red flags for umbrella companies.

Pensions

'Salary-Sacrifice' pensions and umbrella companies

How to understand salary sacrifice pensions as an umbrella company worker.

Pensions

Contractor guide: umbrella company pensions

An overview to building a nest egg through a contractor umbrella company.

Pensions

What is the best pension via an umbrella company?

When working through an umbrella company, here's how to secure a nest egg that can pay dividends for you.

Pensions

How umbrella company returnees on inside IR35 contracts can make Spring Budget's pension changes work for them

Another £9,000 thanks to the chancellor could well inspire IR35-hit contractors back into the fold, even via brolly roles caught by the legislation.

Pensions

What pension auto-enrolment means for PAYE contractors

Parasol demystifies 'We're all in' for contractors direct to an agency or umbrella.

Expenses

Umbrella contractor expenses guide to Supervision, Direction or Control

Now you've gone brolly, recap what 'SDC' means for your expenses as an umbrella employee.

Expenses

Umbrella company expenses rules: explainer

Despite some quick and shrewd learning from HMRC, the law in 2024/25 still doesn't entirely prohibit expenses claims.

Expenses

Top 5 umbrella company expenses things to still do in 2024 under 2016's T&S rules

A recap of the brolly 'D-Day' eight years ago, ahead of another (potential) upending this coming Wednesday.

Expenses

What is an Umbrella company dispensation?

What a dispensation is and why you can only claim for expenses you can prove you've incurred.

Basics

A contractor's guide to umbrella company contracts

Get to know the four key contractual sections that form your agreement with an umbrella company.

Basics

One timesheet or two? That's the question umbrella contractors should answer in a flash to avoid faff

To head off frustration, duplication, and worse -- late payment, one is the magic timesheet number.

Basics

Contractor guide to umbrella company sick pay

Know your rights to Statutory Sick Pay as an umbrella contractor, but get clued up before you fall unwell.

Basics

Umbrella guide to maternity rights

The practicalities of claiming maternity pay from an umbrella company.

Questions

Does HMRC's 24-month rule apply to umbrella company contractors?

Overview of the two-year rule for a contractor hoping that he's not caught.

Questions

What should my umbrella company take-home pay be?

How much contractors can get paid if they work via an umbrella, now or post-IR35 reform.

Questions

Would umbrella contracting in the same skill scupper my Entrepreneurs' Relief claim?

Cancelling salary, and then even the company, looks the safest tax path for a cyber security expert.

Questions

Are new AML regulations a threat to umbrellas?

'Brollies can indeed pose a money laundering risk, but no need to register with a supervisory body.

Questions

Do new anti-money laundering rules catch my umbrella company?

Nothing for UK-compliant brollies to fret over, thanks to a tailor-made exception.

Questions

Do umbrella companies have to offer insurance?

Expert guidance on insurance requirements for umbrella companies.

Questions

Why's my agency want me to move umbrella?

A new tax evasion offence may be behind a 'request' to close your brolly.

Questions

Can the agency refuse to pay my brolly?

Expert aid for a contractor whose recruiter doesn't like the cut of his umbrella's jib.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: How to handle personal allowance clawback on adjusted net income over £100,000 via an umbrella company?

Salary-sacrifice and 'relief at source' are the pensions options for an umbrella contractor stung by an unexpected £4,000 tax bill.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can I expense travel costs via an umbrella company, when visiting a client now and again?

Tax relief tips for an 'ignorant' contractor, whose goodwill is eligible for -- and deserving of -- modest reimbursement.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: How to get my Intellectual Property protected when IT contracting via an umbrella company?

A would-be limited company contractor is right that umbrellas are not interested in his IP goals, and nor should they be.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is my umbrella company fobbing me off on expenses?

An umbrella suspected of putting a contractor's expenses on the 'too difficult' pile simply needs to use a little-known mechanism, 'YEA FPS.'

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is my brolly right to deduct two lots of NI?

Ex-inspector probes why umbrella users contribute as both employee and employer.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is brolly PAYE the same as agency PAYE?

How Pay-As-You-Earn fluctuates between umbrellas, recruiters and end-users.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: How to keep contracting if agency work is on hold?

Umbrella opens up about pay, to a PSC stuck with short contracts requiring overnight stays.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can an umbrella pay into my private pension?

Payroll expert provides top tips to a contractor wanting to stick to what they know.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Will a brolly be better than 'Ltd' for public contracts?

Agencies are among the many forces making umbrellas the favourable option.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can brollies take unused expenses out of pay?

April rule changes let umbrellas swallow leftovers from your food expenses pot.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can my umbrella take unclaimed deducted holiday pay?

Legal support (but no leg to stand on) for a contractor feeling conned out of £1,200.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: How to prove I'm not Supervised, Directed or Controlled?

What contractors can do, practically, to stand a chance of passing HMRC's SDC test.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is my umbrella company ripping me off?

What comes out before and after is making one salaried IT contractor feel cheated.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is this new model of umbrella company safe?

One brolly's offer of a small salary and the rest as a loan has a number of issues.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is an 'alternative' brolly worth it or worrying?

A University of Life graduate and ex-taxman advises a wary contractor.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can I rely on my brolly's basic insurance?

Speaking to his umbrella is best for a contractor wondering if he's covered.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Who claims expenses if the brolly delayed my start?

Not being under the umbrella when he worked means one IT contractor's costs aren't covered.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Are my agent and umbrella acting legally?

A newbie contractor gets much-needed reassurance over PSLs and holiday pay.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can I claim Right To Work postage costs?

Costs you incur to help your umbrella run RTW checks are claimable.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Who's at risk if HMRC rejects my expenses, the umbrella or me?

Contractors will take the heat if their personal income tax relief isn't allowed.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: What's an overarching contract of employment?

Expert reassures a new IT contractor not liking the sound of an employment contract.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Will RTI affect umbrella company contractors?

'There's a plus to HMRC having your full employment history from April.'

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Will an umbrella let me claim the same expenses?

Explaining the differences between claiming expenses via a limited company and an umbrella company.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Which umbrella payment model is under attack?

Brolly contractors who want pay and expenses have three options – not all of them recommended.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can my agency insist on their umbrella?

Expert advice for IT contractors forced to use their agency's preferred umbrella.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Do my decisions on travel affect tax relief?

How far HMRC can deny tax relief for expenses on the basis of personal choice.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can I claim if a short gig ends up lasting 25 months?

Expenses aid for an IT contractor whose expectations about contract length are prone to change.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Do umbrellas cover interview expenses and maternity leave?

What IT contractors can and can't expect umbrella companies to take care of.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Am I due tax relief on mileage?

Umbrella company contractor stuck on what address to give HMRC.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Is my agent's umbrella mandatory?

Legal aid for a limited company IT contractor told to use his agent's umbrella company.

Questions

Contractors' Questions: Can I beat the 24-month rule?

Taking a break doesn't normally get round the rule on contractor expenses.

News

What contractors can take from the Industria Umbrella Ltd case

A foreshadowing of JSL that emphasises the purpose of the April 2026 rules also appears to reveal when a penalty isn't truly a penalty.

News

What Harpur Trust v Brazel means for umbrella companies and their contractors holiday pay

In a landmark ruling for the umbrella sector, it's officially 'out' with the pro-rating holiday pay formula of 12.07%, and 'in' with the 5.6 weeks' calculation.

News

FCSA waters down umbrella company code, settling for 'reasonable effort' on contractor holiday pay

Accreditation body backtracks on banning brollies from pocketing accrued pay, in what's being described as an 'open-and-shut case of the tail wagging the dog.'

News

'Comical' directorship ban for umbrella company boss Adrian Sacco condemned

Disqualified for eight years, not a lifetime, experts say the director of Best Employment Services 'got off lightly.'

News

Queen's Speech ignoring Single Enforcement Body puts onus on Labour Market Enforcement Director to act on umbrella companies

With the government excluding an employment bill amid 'rife' non-compliance, it's left to Margaret Beels to do what ministers 'unsurprisingly' are shirking.

News

Contractor umbrella company cloning 'getting worse'

Amid more imposter companies registering with Companies House to commit fraud, one victim fears the end isn't even in sight.

News

Treasury response to umbrella company call for evidence 'will be brutal for the FCSA'

Fresh from clearing JSA, the compliance group is told of 'a lot, lot more' to come than just a holiday pay pocketing allegation.

News

FCSA calls on government to stop umbrella company cloning

Trade body wants a multi-organisational response to 'strike off the clones' and 'pursue the perpetrators.'

News

National press covers umbrella companies falling victim to Companies House cloning

The Mirror reports on the contractor sector's new fraud, with serious implications for 'brollies and their users' not being prevented by the BEIS agency.

News

Put Single Enforcement Body to regulate umbrella companies on a timetable, Treasury told

The brolly call for evidence is answered with 'naming and shaming,' dates and outright bans.

News

Umbrella companies at risk over holiday pay ruling in Smith V Pimlico Plumbers

The death knell is being heard for some brollies in wake of a court verdict which, for once, favours contractors.

News

Contractors use intermediaries to tell HM Treasury about umbrella companies

IPSE, JobsAware and LITRG are helping officials get the hard evidence on brollies that they need.

News

Call for evidence on umbrella companies echoed, as cloning spreads to comparison sites

Contractors specifically asked to respond to HM Treasury's call on the brolly sector, even if it is overdue.

News

Government calls contractors to give evidence on umbrella companies

Unexpectedly, HMT gives ContractorUK readers a chance to help shape the future of brolly regulation.

News

'Usefulness' of HMRC's umbrella worker avoidance tool thrown into doubt

The feedback form for the beta service looks likely to be mixed, as division over the risk-checker continues.

News

HMRC hands umbrella contractors new avoidance 'risk-checker' tool

Government keeps 'doing nothing but publishing some guidance,' but a new Revenue three-parter is hailed as a 'must-read.'

Frequently Asked Questions

What is an umbrella company?
An umbrella company is a company that contractors can choose to work through as an alternative to setting up their own limited company business. The umbrella company acts as their employer, and as the intermediary between the contractor and their recruitment agency or end client. They handle all the administration and payroll, so it means you don't have to deal with any of the administrative tasks or responsibilities that come with running a limited company like accounting and taxes. The umbrella company will invoice your agency or end client, get paid for the work that you do, and pay you through PAYE, deducting costs like national insurance contributions and tax.
Why should I work through an umbrella company?
Contractors may choose to work through an umbrella company for a number of reasons. They are beneficial for when you are first starting out as a contractor, as it is more straightforward than setting up and running a limited company, which can be a little confusing when you first set out. Similarly if you are only planning to contract for a short amount of time, an umbrella company is the simpler option; you don't want to go through the process of setting up a limited company only to have to dissolve it in the future. You might also choose to work through an umbrella company if you are working on a contract which is inside IR35, as the tax benefits of working through a limited company in this scenario can be reduced and the administration increased. You may even find that in some cases your recruitment agency or end client specify that they will only work with you through an umbrella company now due to IR35 reform.
How do umbrella companies work?
When you work through an umbrella company, they become your employer and act as an intermediary between you and your recruitment agency or end client. The umbrella company invoices the agency or client for your work, receives payment, and then pays you through PAYE. They handle all payroll administration, deducting income tax and National Insurance contributions before paying you. This means you don't have to worry about accounting, tax returns, or other administrative tasks associated with running your own limited company.
What are the benefits of using an umbrella company?
The main benefits include simplified administration (no accounting or tax returns to worry about), quick and easy setup compared to forming a limited company, flexibility for short-term contracts, statutory benefits like holiday pay and sick pay, and compliance with IR35 when working inside IR35 contracts. Umbrella companies are particularly beneficial for contractors just starting out or those working on contracts that fall inside IR35.
Should I use an umbrella company or a limited company?
It depends on your circumstances. If you're contracting short-term, just starting out, or working on contracts inside IR35, an umbrella company is often simpler and more appropriate. For outside IR35 contracts and long-term contracting, a limited company may offer better tax efficiency but comes with more administrative responsibilities. Consider your contract status, how long you plan to contract, and whether you want to handle the administration yourself.
How do I choose the right umbrella company?
Look for FCSA accreditation or membership, transparent fee structures, good customer reviews, comprehensive insurance cover, and excellent customer service. Avoid companies promising tax-free income or unusually high take-home pay, as these are often non-compliant schemes. Check out our trusted umbrella company directory to compare reputable providers.
Can my agency force me to use a specific umbrella company?
No. While agencies can recommend umbrella companies and may have a preferred supplier list (PSL), they cannot legally force you to use a specific umbrella company. You have the right to choose your own umbrella provider. If an agency insists on a particular umbrella and won't accept alternatives, this could be a red flag for non-compliant arrangements or potential financial ties between the agency and umbrella.
What is IR35 and how does it affect umbrella companies?
IR35 is tax legislation designed to combat false self-employment. When working through an umbrella company, you're always paid through PAYE, which means you're automatically compliant with IR35 regardless of whether your contract falls inside or outside. This is one reason why many contractors choose umbrella companies for contracts that are determined to be inside IR35, as the tax treatment is the same but with less administration than operating a limited company inside IR35.